Ceramic matrix composite materials CMCs are formed from ceramic fibers embedded in a ceramic matrix, known as ceramic fiber reinforced ceramic material.

Stainless steel will not easily corrode, rust, or stain like carbon steel but is not completely resistant to stains and is vulnerable in certain environments.

Cathodic protection reduces corrosion by connecting a metal surface, the cathode, to a sacrificial anode, which corrodes instead.

Various methods of composite manufacturing offer various benefits. An engineer must choose wisely to determine which process will yield the best results.

Cavitation occurs when bubbles form in a liquid. When the bubbles eventually implode, a shock wave causes stress and fatigue on the inside of pipes and vessels.

Sandwich structured composites are created by layering a thick, lightweight core between two thin, stiff sheets.

When a longtime customer from a global engineering firm came to APP with a problem, we jumped at the chance to design and 3D-print a prototype solution.

Intergranular corrosion occurs when the boundaries of the crystals are more susceptible to corrosion than their insides.

Loads act on piping systems in three main ways: point, distributed, and coupled loading. Never fear! These stresses can be alleviated with pipe supports.

Printing composites in 3D is accomplished by using successive layers of material such as fiberglass to form a finished product from a 3D computer model.